Understanding Rheumatoid Arthritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Approaches
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness. Unlike osteoarthritis, which results from wear and tear of cartilage, rheumatoid arthritis occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy joint tissues. This immune response causes inflammation that can damage joints and surrounding tissues over time, ultimately impacting mobility and quality of life.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis remains unclear, but researchers believe it results from a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Genetic predisposition plays a significant role, particularly in individuals who carry specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. However, having these genes alone does not guarantee the disease’s onset. Environmental triggers such as smoking, chronic infections, or exposure to certain chemicals can initiate autoimmune responses in genetically susceptible individuals. Additionally, women are more prone…

